Which of the following is NOT one of the four CPTED concepts?

• A. Public Relations Enhancement
• B. Natural Surveillance
• C. Natural Access Control
• D. Territorial Reinforcement

Answer: (A)

The idea being tested is which ideas belong to Crime Prevention Through Environmental Design (CPTED) and which do not. CPTED focuses on how the built environment can deter crime through design and management. The three core CPTED concepts you should recognize are natural surveillance, natural access control, and territorial reinforcement. Public Relations Enhancement isn’t part of these design-focused principles; it deals with image or outreach rather than the physical environment.

Natural surveillance is about increasing visibility so people can be seen and can see what’s happening, using things like good lighting, clear sight lines, and active street activity to deter crime. Natural access control uses physical features to guide people and restrict opportunities for wrongdoing, such as fencing, gates, checkpoints, and road layouts that channel movement toward more observable areas. Territorial reinforcement emphasizes ownership and responsibility for a space, using cues like signage, maintenance, and clearly defined boundaries to make it evident that the area is cared for and monitored.

So, the option that does not fit CPTED is Public Relations Enhancement, since it focuses on image or community relations rather than the actual design and management of the environment to prevent crime.